说到缩略词（Abbreviations），单从字面含义理解，便知是为了方便，对事物称谓中的成分进行有规律的节缩或者省略后形成的语言单位。比如众所周知的WC，许多中国人都知道WC是公共厕所的英文简称（尽管实际上WC是英美等国一两百年前使用的一种很粗俗的表达方式，在英文国家根本就不使用）。

对科研小伙伴而言，最熟悉不过的缩略词则非WB莫属。阅读英文文献时，我们会留意到一篇文献中通常会出现很多缩写，当再次使用时，则以缩略词代替。对于缩略词的要求，这里以BMC系列的某个期刊为例。

向BMC系列期刊投过稿的小伙伴应该对投稿指南中的下面这段文字印象很深刻：

List of abbreviations

If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided.

不仅要首次定义缩略词，还需提供全文涉及到的所有缩略词的一个列表。而有的杂志则没明确要求提供该列表，但首次定义缩略词是必不可少的。

BMC系列期刊，一般情况下，常放在Conclusion后面，References前面。

其他杂志要求可能有所不同，如果看完投稿指南还是不确定，可以下载想要投稿杂志的近期文章，参考下他们缩略词列表的位置。

AHH: acute hypobaric hypoxia;

HAPE: high-altitude pulmonary edema;

RT: room temperature;

DEPC: diethyl pyrocarbonate;

TAOC: total antioxidant capacity;

GO: Gene Ontology;

KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes;

RT-qPCR: reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction;

ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;

DAPI: 4,6-diamidina-2-phenylin;

GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase;

SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis;

PVDF: polyvinylidene fluoride;

PBS: phosphate buffer saline;

FBS: fetal bovine serum;

DMEM: Dulbecco\\'s Modified Eagle\\'s Medium;

DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide;

SD: standard deviation;

CCAT1: colon cancer-associated transcript 1;

MTF2: metal regulatory transcription factor 2;

LncRNA: Long non-coding RNA;

ANOVA: analysis of variance;

DPSCs: Dental Pulp Stem Cells;

NMN: nicotinamide mononucleotide;

CSCs: cancer stem-like cells;

AMS: acute mountain sickness;

NSCLC: non-small-cell lung cancer;

GC: gastric cancer;

PCOS: polycystic ovary syndrome;

HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma;

PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension;

PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor;

KGF: keratinocyte growth factor;

TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α;

IFN-γ: Interferon-γ;

HGF: hepatocyte growth factor;

TRAIL: tumor necrosis factor-related apoptotic induction ligand;

TNFRSF10A: TNF receptor superfamily member 10a;

TNFRSF10B: TNF receptor superfamily member 10b;

CCK-8: Cell Counting Kit-8;

IHC: Immunohistochemistry;

HE: Hematoxylin-eosin;

BrdU: Bromodeoxyuridine;

TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling;

DAB: 3,3-diaminobenzidine-tetrachloride;

NFATs: nuclear factor of activated T cells;

PASMCs: pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells;

TNM: tumor-node-metastasis;

WT: wild-type;

MUT: mutation-type;

Sox6: SRY-box transcription factor 6;

UTR: untranslated region;

BMP2: bone morphogenetic protein 2;

ALP: alkaline phosphatase;

COLIA1: collagen type I α1 chain.

这里仅稍作代表性的列出一些我们常用的缩略词，其他缩略词可参考以下链接：

https://www.docin.com/p-290681932.html