精准课题：宾语从句

定 义：宾语是一个句子。

宾语从句（下面简称宾从）的主句一般有下列三种类型：

1 主语+实义动词，如：I think/hope/believe/want to know/ask/wonder…

2 祈使句，如：Tell me/ Remember…/ Make sure…

3 主系表，如：I am sure/ I am afraid…

认识宾语从句：请翻译下面的句子，并把宾从下划线。

1 I find that it is not easy to learn math well.

2 I don\' t know if thy can arrive on time.

3 Remember what the doctor told you.

4 I am sure we can work out this problem.

宾从的考点：引导词、语序、时态。

宾从的引导词

宾从的引导词有三类：

1、 that, 无词义，可省略，引导陈述语气的宾从。

2、 whether/if, "是否"，引导一般疑问语气的宾从，if与whether可互用，但宾从中含有or或or not时只能用whether。

3、 wh-/ h- 特殊疑问词及由它们构成的短语, 后面所跟的一般疑问句需变成陈述语序。

引导词的把关练习。（解题方法：代入各个选项，选出最匹配题意的一个。）

1 We\'ve given her some advice, but I don\'t\' know ____ she\'ll accept it.

A what B where C whether

2 I hope ______ my dream can come true.

A that B if C how

3 They wonder ____ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not.

A that B if C whether

4 Could you say it again? I can\'t understand ____ you are talking about.

A how B when C what

5 When I asked _______ I should go for lunch, he suggested several restaurants.

A whether B when C where

宾从的陈述句语序：主句+引导词+宾从主语+宾从谓语+其他

补充说明：问句中原有的助动词do, did, does变成陈述语序后不会出现在宾从中，它所反映的时态体现在宾从的谓语动词上。但否定句需保留助动词。

注意：下列特殊疑问句本身已经是陈述语序，作宾从时语序不变。

what is/was wrong with you ；what is/was the matter with you ；

what is/was happening ； what happened to sb

陈述语序的把关练习

1 Could you tell me ______________?

A what is your job B what your job is C your job is what

2 – Could you tell me ____________________?

-- This way, please.

A where are the special shoes B where the special shoes are

C where will be the special shoes

3 -Could you tell me ________ in your hometown in winter?

--Sure.

A whether does it often snow B if does it snow

C whether it often snows

4 Could you tell me _____ during Earth Hour on Mar. 31st last year?

A where were you B what you are doing C who you stayed with

5 Let\'s discuss ______ stop eating dog meat.

A should people B if should people C whether people should

宾从与主句的时态规则

主现从实：主句是一般现在时/现在完成时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态

主过从过：主句是一般过去时，从句要变成对应的过去时态（句中有助动词，变助动词为过去式，其他不变；句中没有助动词，把宾从中的谓语动词变为过去式，其他不变）

真理不变：无论主句是什么时态，客观真理都用一般现在时

补充说明：

①有些题目会出现两个时态和语序都正确的选项，这时需细心判断哪一个更匹配题目的意思。

② 如题目中出现两次if，需细心翻译它的词义，如译为"是否"，后跟一般将来时（讲述的是未发生的事）；如译为"如果"，后跟一般现在时（用现在时表将来）。

③ 如主句是Would/ Could you ...，仅表语气，不表时态，主句仍属于现在时的范畴，后面的从句遵从主现从实的规则。

宾从时态的把关练习一：单项选择

1 The policeman asked the girl _______________ .

A why she was crying B why was she crying C why she is crying

2 The teacher asked the students __________________ .

A why the earth went around the sun B why does the earth go around the sun

C why the earth goes around the sun

4--Tell me ________________. – Well, it\'s like …

A what is wrong with it B what is it C what the matter is with it

5 --I wonder _____________ at 8:00 last night?

-- I was watching NBA.

A what were you doing B what did you do C what you were doing

6 ----Do you know _______________? -- Next year.

A when he moved to Shanghai B when he will move to Shanghai

C when will he move to Shanghai

7 – Would you like to tell me __________________?

--Sure. Practice makes perfect.

A how can I study English well B why do you learn English well

C how I can study English well

8 I knew that light ________ faster than sound when I was ten.

A will travel B travelled C travels D has travel

9 We\'re not sure if it __________ tomorrow. If it ________, we wont\' go hiking.

A will rain, rains B will rain, will rain C rains, rains D rains will rain

10 ----What did the young lady ask just now?

---- She wondered ________________________________ .

A what time was it B whether the book came out

C if could she use the computer D when she will get her passport

宾从时态的把关练习二：完成句子

1我想知道他叫什么名字。

I want to know _______________________________________________ .

2 他问你多大了。

He asked ____________________________________________________.

3 我不知道他将什么时候去北京。

I don\'t know __________________________________________Beijing.

4 他告诉我他已经完成作业了。

He told me _________________________________________________ .

5 我不知道我该选择哪一个。

I don\'t know which one ________________________________________ .

6 我想知道八班有多少学生。

I wondered __________________________________________________.

7 我不知道我该怎么办。

I don\'t know _________________________________________________.

8 ---- Excuse me, _______________________(公园在哪)？

---- I am a stranger here. I am sorry I don\'t know _________________(公园在哪).

中考真题：

1 Lily\'s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ______. (09年广东中考)

A what Lily was B what was Lily C where Lily was D where was Lily

2 The policeman asked the boy _________________. (10年广东中考)

A where is his mother B where his mother is

C where was his mother D where his mother was

3 The teacher asked us _______________________. (11年广东中考)

A when did I finish my work B why didn\'t we tell him about it earlier

C what we were interested in D where we are going to have our lunch

4 – Have you asked the policeman __________________? (12 年广东中考)

---- Certainly. In half an hour.

A when will the high speed train arrive B when the high speed train will arrive

C when would the high speed train arrive D when the high speed train would arrive

5 – Could you tell me
_____________________________? (13年广东中考)

-- Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It\'s on the right.

A if there is a bank near here B how can we get to the nearest bank

C where can we find a bank D when we can go to the nearest bank

6 – Do you know ___________________? (14年广东中考)

-- 8,844,43 meters. It\'s a popular place with mountain climbers.

A how high is Qomolangma B how long is Qomolangma

C how high Qomolangma is D how long Qomolangma is

7 – David asked
__________________________ in China. (15年广东中考)

-- Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting(打招呼).

A why he can greet a lady by kissing her B why he could greet a lady by kissing her

C whether he can greet a lady by kissing her D whether he could greet a lady by kissing her

8 -- I wonder
________________________________. (16年广东中考)

-- It will fall on a Saturday.

A how will National Day fall on this year B how National Day will fall on this year

C what day will National Day fall on this year D what day National Day will fall on this year

9 --Do you know _________________ yesterday? (17年广东中考)

-- He went for the boat race.

A why didn\'t Peter go to school B why doesn\'t Peter go to school

C why Peter didn\'t go to school D why Peter doesn\'t go to school

10 -- Could you tell me ___________ you\'d like me to pay you? (18年广东中考)

-- You\'d better use mobile payment. I don\'t care _____ it is Ali Pay or WeChat Pay.

A how, whether B how, why C what, whether D what, why

11 -- Have you decided _______the Expo 2019 Beijing? (19年广东中考)

-- This summer holiday.

A how are you going to B how you are going to

C when are you going to D when you are going to

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